Geo Facts Southeast
Welcome to the Geotoys State Facts page for our Southeast GeoPuzzle.
Here we’ll explore:
- State Capitals State birds and flowers (you’ll see them on your map)
- Animals and plants that live in the state
- National Parks Services locations within the state
- AND share information on “easter eggs” you may have spotted as you pieced your map together.
Let’s go!
Kentucky
Capital: Frankfort
Established as the state capital in 1792, Frankfort is nestled along the Kentucky River
State Bird: Northern Cardinal
The Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) was designated as Kentucky's state bird in 1926. Known for its vibrant red plumage and distinctive crest, the cardinal is a familiar and beloved presence throughout the state.
State Flower: Goldenrod
The Goldenrod (Solidago altissima) was adopted as the state flower in 1926, replacing bluegrass, which is not an actual flower. This bright yellow wildflower thrives in various soil conditions and can be seen covering fields during late summer and early fall.
Plants and Animals
Kentucky's diverse geology supports a rich array of plant life across its regions. Forests are abundant with oak, hickory, maple, and pine trees, while meadows and fields bloom with wildflowers such as black-eyed Susans, Virginia bluebells, and the state flower, goldenrod. Wetlands and riverbanks host species like cattails and bald cypress, contributing to the state's varied ecosystems.
The state's fauna includes mammals like white-tailed deer, bobcats, and the reintroduced elk, which can be observed in eastern Kentucky. Bird species are diverse, featuring the northern cardinal, American goldfinch, and various raptors. Reptiles and amphibians, including eastern box turtles and numerous salamander species, thrive in suitable habitats. Kentucky's rivers and streams support fish such as largemouth bass and catfish, integral to both the ecosystem and local recreation.
NPS Locations
- Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park
- Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area
- Camp Nelson National Monument
- Cumberland Gap National Historical Park
- Fort Donelson National Battlefield
- Mammoth Cave National Park
- Mill Springs Battlefield National Monument
- Trail of Tears National Historic Trail (portion in Kentucky)
Easter egg:
The Kentucky state flag features the state seal in the center, surrounded by a navy blue field. The seal depicts two figures—a frontiersman and a statesman—shaking hands, symbolizing unity and the state motto, "United We Stand, Divided We Fall." Encircling the seal are goldenrod sprigs, representing the state flower, and the words "Commonwealth of Kentucky." The flag was officially adopted in 1918 and reflects Kentucky's values of cooperation and resilience.
Arkansas
Capital: Little Rock
Established as the state capital in 1821, Little Rock is Arkansas's largest city and serves as its political and cultural hub.
State Bird: Northern Mockingbird
The Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos) was designated as Arkansas's state bird in 1929. Known for its impressive vocal mimicry, the mockingbird is a common sight throughout the state.
State Flower: Apple Blossom
The Apple Blossom (Malus domestica) became the state flower in 1901. This choice reflects Arkansas's history as a leading apple producer in the early 20th century.
Plants and Animals
Arkansas's varied topography, including mountains, forests, and wetlands, supports a rich array of plant life. Forests cover a significant portion of the state, dominated by oak, hickory, pine, and cypress trees. The understory features flowering plants like dogwood, redbud, and the state flower, the apple blossom. Wetlands are home to species such as water lilies and cattails, while prairies and meadows bloom with wildflowers like black-eyed Susans and coneflowers.
Arkansas's diverse habitats support a wide range of wildlife. Mammals include white-tailed deer, black bears, and eastern cottontail rabbits. Bird species are abundant, featuring the northern mockingbird, eastern bluebird, and various waterfowl. Reptiles and amphibians, such as the American alligator, box turtles, and numerous salamander species, thrive in suitable environments. The state's rivers and lakes are inhabited by fish like largemouth bass and catfish, which are important for both ecology and recreation.
NPS Locations
- Arkansas Post National Memorial
- Buffalo National River
- Fort Smith National Historic Site
- Hot Springs National Park
- Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site
- Pea Ridge National Military Park
- President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home National Historic Site
- Trail of Tears National Historic Trail (portion in Arkansas)
Easter egg:
Mirror Lake Waterfall, located in Blanchard Springs Recreation Area in Arkansas, is a picturesque cascade created by a man-made dam that forms Mirror Lake. Surrounded by lush greenery, the waterfall is a tranquil spot popular for fishing, photography, and picnicking. The clear, cool waters of the lake, fed by nearby springs, make it a serene destination for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts.
Tennessee
Capital: Nashville
Established as the state capital in 1843, Nashville is renowned as the heart of country music and a vibrant center for the arts and education.
State Bird: Northern Mockingbird
The Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos) was designated as Tennessee's state bird in 1933. Known for its impressive vocal mimicry, the mockingbird is a common sight throughout the state.
State Flower: Iris
The Iris was adopted as the state cultivated flower in 1933. While the legislation did not specify a color, the purple iris is commonly associated with this designation.
Plants and Animals
Tennessee's varied terrain and soils support an abundance of plant life, including at least 150 kinds of native trees. Forests are rich with tulip poplar (the state tree), shortleaf pine, and various oaks such as chestnut, black, and red oaks. The Highland Rim region abounds in several varieties of oak, hickory, ash, and pine.
The state's diverse habitats support a wide array of wildlife. Mammals such as white-tailed deer, raccoons (the state wild animal), and black bears inhabit various regions. Bird species include the northern mockingbird, bobwhite quail (the state game bird), and numerous songbirds. Reptiles like the eastern box turtle (the state reptile) and amphibians such as salamanders are also prevalent. Aquatic life in Tennessee's rivers and lakes features species like the largemouth bass (the state sport fish) and channel catfish (the state commercial fish).
NPS Locations
- Andrew Johnson National Historic Site
- Appalachian National Scenic Trail (portion in Tennessee)
- Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area
- Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park
- Cumberland Gap National Historical Park
- Fort Donelson National Battlefield
- Great Smoky Mountains National Park
- Manhattan Project National Historical Park
- Natchez Trace Parkway
- Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail
- Shiloh National Military Park
- Stones River National Battlefield
- Trail of Tears National Historic Trail (portion in Tennessee)
Easter egg:
Nashville, Tennessee, known as "Music City," is the world-renowned capital of country music and home to iconic venues like the Grand Ole Opry and the Ryman Auditorium. The city boasts a vibrant cultural scene, with attractions like the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum and lively neighborhoods such as Broadway, famous for its honky-tonks. Beyond music, Nashville offers historical landmarks like the Parthenon replica and rich culinary experiences rooted in Southern traditions, including its famous hot chicken.
North Carolina
Capital: Raleigh
Established as the state capital in 1792, Raleigh is known for its vibrant cultural scene and is part of the Research Triangle, a major center for high-tech and biotech research.
State Bird: Northern Cardinal
The Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) was designated as North Carolina's state bird in 1943. This songbird is easily recognizable by its bright red plumage and distinctive crest
State Flower: Flowering Dogwood
The Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida) was adopted as the state flower in 1941. This tree is common throughout North Carolina, with its blossoms heralding the arrival of spring
Plants and Animals
North Carolina's diverse landscapes, from coastal plains to mountainous regions, support a wide variety of plant life. The state is home to numerous tree species, including pines, oaks, and maples. The coastal areas feature salt marshes and maritime forests, while the Appalachian region boasts rich deciduous forests and a plethora of wildflowers.
The state's varied ecosystems provide habitats for a multitude of animal species. Mammals such as white-tailed deer, black bears, and gray squirrels are common. Birdlife is abundant, with species like the northern cardinal, Carolina chickadee, and various migratory waterfowl. Reptiles and amphibians, including box turtles and salamanders, are also prevalent. The coastal waters teem with marine life, including fish, shellfish, and sea turtles.
NPS Locations
- Appalachian National Scenic Trail (portion in North Carolina)
- Blue Ridge Parkway
- Cape Hatteras National Seashore
- Cape Lookout National Seashore
- Carl Sandburg Home National Historic Site
- Fort Raleigh National Historic Site
- Great Smoky Mountains National Park
- Guilford Courthouse National Military Park
- Moores Creek National Battlefield
- Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail
- Trail of Tears National Historic Trail (portion in North Carolina)
- Wright Brothers National Memorial
Easter egg:
The Wright Brothers, Orville and Wilbur, made history on December 17, 1903, in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, with the world's first successful powered flight. Chosen for its strong winds and soft sands, Kitty Hawk provided the ideal testing grounds for their pioneering aviation experiments. Today, the Wright Brothers National Memorial, located in Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina, commemorates their achievement and inspires visitors with exhibits and a replica of their famous Flyer.
South Carolina
Capital: Columbia
Established as the state capital in 1786, Columbia is centrally located and serves as the political and cultural hub of South Carolina. The city is home to the South Carolina State House, a notable example of Greek Revival architecture.
State Bird: Carolina Wren
The Carolina Wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus) was designated as South Carolina's state bird in 1948, replacing the mockingbird. Known for its distinctive song and energetic behavior, the Carolina wren is a common sight throughout the state
State Flower: Yellow Jessamine
The Yellow Jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens) was adopted as the state flower in 1924. This fragrant, bright yellow flower is native to the region and symbolizes the beauty and purity of the state's natural environment.
Plants and Animals
South Carolina's diverse landscapes, from the Blue Ridge Mountains to the coastal plains, support a wide variety of plant life. The state tree, the Sabal Palmetto, thrives in coastal areas and is a prominent symbol of the state. Forests are abundant with species such as loblolly pine, oak, hickory, and cypress. The Piedmont region features a mix of hardwoods, while the Blue Ridge area is home to species like white pine and hemlock.
South Carolina's varied ecosystems provide habitats for a rich array of wildlife. Mammals such as white-tailed deer, raccoons, and foxes are common. Bird species include the Carolina wren, northern mockingbird, and various waterfowl. Reptiles like the American alligator inhabit coastal regions, while numerous amphibians, including various frog and salamander species, thrive in the state's wetlands. The coastal waters are home to marine life such as bottlenose dolphins and loggerhead sea turtles.
NPS Locations
- Charles Pinckney National Historic Site
- Congaree National Park
- Cowpens National Battlefield
- Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie National Historical Park
- Gullah Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor
- Kings Mountain National Military Park
- Ninety Six National Historic Site
- Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail
- Reconstruction Era National Historical Park
- South Carolina National Heritage Corridor
Easter egg:
South Carolina is home to the famous Rainbow Row in Charleston, a historic row of colorful pastel houses that is one of the city's most iconic landmarks. Located along East Bay Street, these houses date back to the 18th century and were restored and painted in vibrant colors during the 1930s and 1940s. Rainbow Row is a popular spot for photography and a symbol of Charleston's charm and architectural heritage.
Louisiana
Capital:Baton Rouge
Established as the state capital in 1849, Baton Rouge is Louisiana's political hub and the second-largest city in the state. The city is home to the Louisiana State Capitol, the tallest capitol building in the United States, standing at 450 feet
State Bird: Brown Pelican
The Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) was designated as Louisiana's state bird in 1966. This coastal bird is known for its distinctive appearance and is commonly found along Louisiana's shores.
State Flower: Magnolia
The Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora) was adopted as the state flower in 1900. The large, creamy-white blooms are abundant throughout the state and are noted for their fragrance.
Plants and Animals
Louisiana's varied ecosystems, including wetlands, forests, and coastal regions, support a rich diversity of plant life. The state is renowned for its cypress swamps, where the Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum), the state tree, thrives. Other notable flora include live oaks draped with Spanish moss, various species of magnolias, and wildflowers such as the Louisiana iris.
The state's diverse habitats are home to a wide array of wildlife. Mammals such as the Louisiana Black Bear (Ursus americanus luteolus), the state mammal, inhabit forested areas. Bird species are abundant, with the brown pelican, egrets, and herons commonly seen along the coast. Reptiles like the American alligator are prevalent in wetlands, while numerous fish species, including the white perch, thrive in the state's freshwater bodies.
NPS Locations
- Cane River Creole National Historical Park
- El Camino Real de los Tejas National Historic Trail
- Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve
- New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park
- Poverty Point National Monument
- Vicksburg National Military Park
Easter egg:
The fleur-de-lis, a stylized lily, is a historic symbol with deep ties to New Orleans and its French heritage. It was originally a symbol of the French monarchy and became associated with Louisiana during the colonial era under French rule. Today, the fleur-de-lis is a cultural icon for New Orleans, appearing on flags, architecture, and even the logo of the city's NFL team, the New Orleans Saints, representing resilience, identity, and pride in the city’s unique history.
Mississippi
Capital: Jackson
Established as the state capital in 1821, Jackson is Mississippi's largest city and serves as its political, cultural, and economic hub. The city is home to the Mississippi State Capitol, an impressive example of Beaux-Arts architecture.
State Bird: Mockingbird
The Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos) was designated as Mississippi's state bird in 1944. Known for its diverse vocal repertoire, the mockingbird is prevalent throughout the state.
State Flower: Magnolia
The Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora) holds the dual honor of being both the state flower and state tree, officially designated in 1952. The magnolia's large, fragrant white blossoms and glossy evergreen leaves are emblematic of Mississippi's natural beauty.
Plants and Animals
Mississippi's varied ecosystems, from coastal marshes to upland forests, support a rich diversity of plant life. In addition to the iconic magnolia, the state is home to species such as oak, hickory, pine, and cypress trees. Wildflowers like coreopsis, the state wildflower, add vibrant colors to the landscape.
The state's diverse habitats support a wide array of wildlife. Mammals such as white-tailed deer, the state land mammal, and bottlenose dolphins, the state water mammal, are common. Bird species include the mockingbird and wood duck, the state waterfowl. Reptiles like the American alligator, the state reptile, inhabit the state's wetlands.
NPS Locations
- Brices Cross Roads National Battlefield Site
- Gulf Islands National Seashore
- Medgar and Myrlie Evers Home National Monument
- Natchez National Historical Park
- Natchez Trace
- Shiloh National Military Park
- Tupelo National Battlefield
- Vicksburg National Military Park
Easter egg:
The Biloxi Lighthouse, built in 1848, is a historic beacon on the Mississippi Gulf Coast and one of the first cast-iron lighthouses in the United States. It has withstood numerous hurricanes, including Hurricane Katrina in 2005, symbolizing resilience for the Biloxi community. Today, the lighthouse is a prominent landmark and offers guided tours, providing visitors with stunning views of the Gulf and insights into its storied past.
Alabama
Capital: Montgomery
Established as the state capital in 1846, Montgomery is renowned for its pivotal role in the Civil Rights Movement. The city is home to the Alabama State Capitol, a National Historic Landmark.
State Bird: Yellowhammer
The Yellowhammer (Colaptes auratus), also known as the Northern Flicker, was designated as Alabama's state bird in 1927. This woodpecker species is noted for its distinctive yellow underwings and melodious call.
State Flower: Camellia
The Camellia (Camellia japonica) was adopted as the state flower in 1959, replacing the goldenrod. Known for its vibrant blooms, the camellia is a popular ornamental plant throughout the state.
Plants and Animals
Alabama's diverse ecosystems, ranging from coastal plains to mountainous regions, support a rich variety of plant life. The Southern Longleaf Pine (Pinus palustris), designated as the state tree, is prevalent in the coastal plains. Hardwood forests feature species like oak, hickory, and maple, while wetlands are home to cypress and tupelo trees. The state also boasts a variety of wildflowers, including the oak-leaf hydrangea, recognized as the state wildflower.
Alabama's varied habitats support a wide array of wildlife. Mammals such as white-tailed deer, raccoons, and the black bear, designated as the state mammal, are common. Bird species include the yellowhammer, northern cardinal, and eastern bluebird. Reptiles like the Alabama red-bellied turtle, the state reptile, inhabit the state's rivers and wetlands. The state's freshwater systems are rich in fish species, including the largemouth bass, recognized as the state freshwater fish.
NPS Locations
- Horseshoe Bend National Military Park
- Little River Canyon National Preserve
- Natchez Trace Parkway
- Russell Cave National Monument
- Selma to Montgomery National Historic Trail
- Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site
- Tuskegee Institute National Historic Site
Easter egg:
The Alabama State Capitol in Montgomery is a stunning example of Greek Revival architecture, completed in 1851 and designated as a National Historic Landmark. It served as the first capital of the Confederate States of America, where Jefferson Davis was inaugurated as its president in 1861. Today, the capitol remains a working building, housing the governor's offices, and is a key site on the Selma to Montgomery National Historic Trail, symbolizing its central role in the Civil Rights Movement.
Georgia
Capital: Atlanta
Established as the state capital in 1868, Atlanta is Georgia's largest city and serves as a major cultural and economic hub in the southeastern United States. The city played a significant role in both the Civil War and the Civil Rights Movement.
State Bird: Brown Thrasher
The Brown Thrasher (Toxostoma rufum) was designated as Georgia's state bird in 1935. Known for its extensive song repertoire, the brown thrasher is commonly found throughout the state.
State Flower: Cherokee Rose
The Cherokee Rose (Rosa laevigata) was adopted as the state flower in 1916. This white, fragrant rose is native to southern China and Taiwan but has become naturalized in the southeastern United States.
Plants and Animals
Georgia's diverse ecosystems range from coastal marshes to mountainous regions, supporting a wide variety of plant life. The state tree, the Live Oak (Quercus virginiana), is prevalent, especially in coastal areas. Other notable flora include the peach tree, symbolizing Georgia's nickname, and the native azalea, designated as the state wildflower.
The state's varied habitats are home to numerous wildlife species. Mammals such as white-tailed deer and eastern gray squirrels are common. Bird species include the brown thrasher, northern cardinal, and eastern bluebird. Reptiles like the gopher tortoise, the state reptile, inhabit the state's sandy regions. Georgia's rivers and coastal areas support diverse fish populations, including the largemouth bass, recognized as the state fish.
NPS Locations
- Andersonville National Historic Site
- Appalachian National Scenic Trail (portion in Georgia)
- Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area
- Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park
- Fort Frederica National Monument
- Fort Pulaski National Monument
- Jimmy Carter National Historical Park
- Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park
- Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park
- Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park
- Trail of Tears National Historic Trail (portion in Georgia)
Easter egg:
Atlanta, Georgia, is the birthplace and hometown of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., a pivotal leader in the Civil Rights Movement. The city is home to the Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park, which includes his childhood home, Ebenezer Baptist Church where he preached, and his final resting place. Atlanta remains a key center for honoring Dr. King's legacy and advancing civil rights, symbolized by institutions like the King Center for Nonviolent Social Change.
Florida
Capital: Tallahassee
Established as the state capital in 1824, Tallahassee is located in the Florida Panhandle and serves as the political hub of the state. The city is home to the historic Old Capitol building, which now functions as a museum.
State Bird: Northern Mockingbird
The Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos) was designated as Florida's state bird in 1927. Renowned for its impressive vocal abilities, this bird can mimic the songs of other birds and sounds from its environment.
State Flower: Orange Blossom
The Orange Blossom (Citrus sinensis) was adopted as the state flower in 1909. Known for its fragrant white blooms, the orange blossom reflects Florida's long-standing association with citrus cultivation.
Plants and Animals
Florida's varied climates and landscapes support a rich diversity of plant life. The Sabal Palm (Sabal palmetto), designated as the state tree, is prevalent throughout the state. Coastal areas feature mangroves and sea oats, while inland regions are home to pine flatwoods, hardwood hammocks, and expansive wetlands like the Everglades, which host sawgrass and cypress trees.
The state's diverse habitats provide refuge for a wide array of wildlife. Mammals such as the Florida Panther (Puma concolor coryi), the state animal, and the West Indian manatee, the state marine mammal, are notable residents. Bird species include the northern mockingbird, the osprey, and various wading birds like herons and egrets. Reptiles such as the American alligator and the loggerhead sea turtle, the state saltwater reptile, are also common. Florida's waters are rich in marine life, including the Atlantic sailfish, designated as the state saltwater fish.
NPS Locations
- Big Cypress National Preserve
- Biscayne National Park
- Canaveral National Seashore
- Castillo de San Marcos National Monument
- De Soto National Memorial
- Dry Tortugas National Park
- Everglades National Park
- Fort Caroline National Memorial
- Fort Matanzas National Monument
- Gulf Islands National Seashore
- Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve
Easter egg:
Cape Canaveral, located on Florida's Atlantic coast, is renowned as the epicenter of the United States' space exploration efforts. It is home to the Kennedy Space Center, where historic missions, including Apollo 11's launch to the moon, took place. Today, Cape Canaveral continues to serve as a hub for space exploration and innovation, hosting rocket launches by NASA and private companies like SpaceX, drawing space enthusiasts and tourists from around the world.